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Title: On Transits
Author: Al-Biruni
Translator: Mohammad Saffouri & Adnon Ifram. Commentator: E.S.Kennedy
Publisher: Institut für Geschichte der Arabisch-Islamischen Wissenschaften



--- Contents---
Preface by E.S.Kennedy v
Contents: Translation of the Text .
Introductory Definitions 1
Longitudinal Transit 2
Astrological Properties of the Zodiacal Signs 4
The Property of Elevation 8
Latitudinal Transit 9
The Order of the Planets, and the Transit in Thickness 14
The Three Distances in the Eccentric Orbit 17
The Planetary Deferent Distance Sectors, and an Etymological Section 18
Motion in an Eccentric Orbit, the Equation 22
....................Figuire 1 22
Distances in the Apogee Heaven (the Deferent) 25
Maximum Solar and Lunar Equations, Greek and Muslim values 25
Hindu and Persian Values 28
A Rule in Verse from the Harqan Zij 30
The Usage of the Brahmasiddhanta and Nabhala the Brahman 31
Of Vittisvara (or Vatesvara) and his Karanasara Zij 32
Of Vijayanandin and his Karanatilaka Zij 32
The Pulisasiddhanta and Brahmasiddhanta 32
Maximum Deferent Equations of the Planets - Greek and Muslim Values 34
Hindu and Persian Values 36
Of the Arkand (=Khandakhadyaka) 37
Mean Distance Positions of the Moon, Ptolemaic Model 38
....................Figure 2 39
Mean Distances of Mercury 40
....................Figure 3 41
Mean Distances of the Planets 43
....................Figure 4 44
Epicyclic Equations and Distance Sectors 45
....................Figure 5 46
....................Figure 6 49
....................Figure 7 50
....................Figure 8 53
Deferent Eccentricities of the Almagest 56
....................Figure 9 57
Epicyclic Radii and Equations 58
The Sectors Again 60
....................Figure 10 62
....................Figure 11 63
The Two "Opinions" as to Sectors 67
....................Figure 12 72
Characteristics of the Sectors 72
The Planetary Halters 76
The Transit in Thickness 78
"Ascent" and "Descent" 80
A Mistake of Abu Ma'shar 81
....................Figure 13 83
Projection of the Rays 87
Magnitude of Transit, as Computed by Abu Ma'shar, Mashallah. al-Farghani, Habash, and the Shah Zij 89
....................Figure 14 .
(A Table of Abu Ma'shar's "Norming Coefficients" 97
The Doctrine of Ibn al-Farrukhan and Mashallah 99
....................Figure 15 .
(Mashallah's Table of Parameter Ratios 100
A Discussion of Elevation and Transit 101
....................Figure 16 104
A Quotation from Mashallah 106
A Worked Example of Conversion of the Transit, from a Horoscope by Mashallah 110
....................Figure 17 .
(A Table of Sector Characteristics) 116
Determination of the Modified Hypotenuse 117
....................Figure 18 117
Elevation with Respect to Latitude and to the Horizon 118
Colophon 119
....................COMMENTARY 121
....................BIBLIOGRAPHY 189
....................INDEX 192

--- Contents---
Review of Al-Biruni on Transits ..... by G.J.Toomer-Oxford 45-72pp


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